Virginia’s medical marijuana program logs big sales, but patient concerns linger

by Markus Schmidt, Virginia Mercury
September 19, 2025

Virginia’s fledgling seed-to-sale tracking system has only been online for two months, but it is already painting the clearest picture yet of the state’s medical cannabis market, data released this week shows.

Operated by the Virginia Cannabis Control Authority (CCA) and run through the private vendor Metrc, the system monitors every plant, product and sale in real time — a first for the commonwealth. Between July and August, the platform logged 17,786 plants harvested, nearly $30 million in sales and more than 256,000 transactions.

“This system gives us a clear, real-time view of medical cannabis across Virginia,” said Jamie Patten, acting head and chief administrative officer of the CCA. “We can see which products are popular, track plant growth, and understand sales trends. That information helps us protect patients, prevent illegal products from entering the market, and make smart decisions for the program’s future.”

The tracking system’s early data offers a snapshot of what patients are buying. Nearly half of sales were flower, or cannabis buds, while concentrates made up 32% of purchases. Infused edibles accounted for 15%, and shake trim — the loose leaf material left after flower processing — represented 5%.

State regulators say these insights can guide oversight and improve transparency in a program that has faced persistent complaints from patients. Licensed processors must use the Metrc platform, which officials argue ensures only tested, regulated cannabis reaches consumers.

The CCA plans to build on the rollout by creating a public dashboard where Virginians can view product and sales data themselves.

The numbers arrive as patients continue to raise concerns about affordability and access. A 2024 survey conducted by the Virginia Medical Cannabis Coalition found that a majority of patients felt prices were too high and options too limited. Some respondents reported traveling to Washington, D.C., or Maryland to obtain cheaper products.

Similarly, public feedback collected by the state last year highlighted frustrations with wait times, product variety and affordability. One patient told WVTF Public Radio they paid nearly twice as much in Virginia compared with neighboring states, while others described the program as confusing and overly restrictive.

CCA leaders have said that increased transparency and tighter oversight could help stabilize the market, though they acknowledge that structural challenges remain.

Virginia’s Medical Cannabis Program allows qualified patients to legally access state-regulated cannabis products, provided they receive a written certification from a licensed medical practitioner, such as a physician, physician assistant, or advanced practice nurse.

Patients must be residents of Virginia, at least 18 years old (though parents or legal guardians can certify for minors or vulnerable adults), and have a condition that their practitioner believes may benefit from use of cannabis. 

Once they have the certification, they may purchase medical cannabis from licensed dispensaries; the law no longer requires patients to register with the state Board of Pharmacy in order to access the program — a change that took effect in July 2022.

The certification must be renewed annually unless the practitioner specifies a shorter validity period. All medical cannabis sold in the program is produced by state-licensed processors, tested, and regulated under oversight by the CCA to ensure safety, transparency and adherence to legal standards.

The unveiling of the CCA’s seed-to-sale system also comes against the backdrop of a broader debate at the General Assembly — whether to allow recreational cannabis sales. Lawmakers legalized simple possession in 2021 but never finalized a retail market, leaving medical cannabis the only regulated option for consumers.

This summer, the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission heard multiple proposals outlining potential frameworks for recreational sales, including timelines, tax structures and licensing options. Experts warned that without a legal retail system, Virginians will continue to turn to unregulated markets and out-of-state dispensaries. 

Legislators are weighing whether to introduce a retail system as early as 2026, though political divisions remain.

The push follows the creation of a new Joint Cannabis Commission, which began meeting in July to study retail models and prepare legislation. Advocates argue that Virginia’s medical cannabis system, now strengthened by the Metrc tracking platform, could serve as a foundation for broader regulation if the legislature moves forward.

For now, the CCA says its focus remains on refining the medical program and ensuring public safety. The seed-to-sale platform allows regulators to trace products from cultivation through distribution, reducing the risk of diversion or contamination.

Officials did not specify when the public dashboard would launch, but they emphasized it would give patients and lawmakers alike clearer insight into how the market is functioning.

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